With new technology, massive capital investments and an as-of-yet unclear model for production and marketing success, land-based salmon farmers are blazing a new trail in aquaculture.

While pioneering an industry is exciting, it also comes with significant risk, and as of now, some insurers aren't ready to make any bets.

Arne Gangdal, head of aquaculture and marine insurance at Gjensidige, one of Norway's largest insurers, said he sees far too many question marks at this time.